April 22, 2002
UN Secretary General Kofi Annan has appointed Finland's former President Martti Ahtisaari head of a team to probe events at the refugee camp in Jenin, where Palestinians say the Israeli army "massacred" civilians.
The commission will investigate claims of human rights abuses during Israel's eight-day incursion into the camp. Palestinians say hundreds of civilians died, but Israel insists the number of dead was fewer than 100, and that most of them were gunmen.
Criticism of Israel has also come the Red Cross and the UN relief agency for Palestinian refugees (UNRWA) which on Monday accused it of violating international humanitarian laws during its operation in the Jenin camp. The UN commission also includes Sadako Ogata of Japan, former head of the UN refugee agency, and Cornelio Sammaruga, the Swiss former head of the International Red Cross.
Retired US General William Nash, a former UN regional administrator in Kosovo, will be military adviser to the team, and Peter Fitzgerald of Ireland, a former UN civilian police officer, will be police adviser.
Conditions imposed
Mr Annan said: "The team will start its work without delay. It will first assemble in Europe this week and then travel to the region as soon as possible. "I expect the government of Israel and the Palestinian Authority to co-operate fully with the team and to provide full and complete access to all sides, sources of information and individuals that the team will consider necessary."
The decision to send a commission was agreed by the UN Security Council. The US agreed to it on the condition that the team would report to Mr Annan and not to the Security Council, which Israel regards as biased against it.
There was controversy between Israel and New York over who should sit on the commission. Israel said it had nothing to hide in Jenin, but had warned it would not accept a commission which included UN regional co-ordinator Terje Roed-Larsen, UNRWA head Peter Hansen or the UN's human rights chief Mary Robinson.
Israel accuses the three officials of pro-Palestinian bias.
'War crimes' inquiry
Amnesty International, the human rights organisation, is calling for full international war crimes inquiry, following its three-day survey of Jenin camp. Hospital officials say that fewer than 50 bodies have been recovered, but the Palestinians say hundreds of people have been killed and may be buried under houses bulldozed by the Israeli army.
Israel says 23 of its soldiers were killed in the refugee camp, including 13 in a single ambush, as its troops rooted out Palestinian militants. "The claim that only fighters were killed is simply not true - a mixture of bodies were clearly civilians and combatants," said Derrick Pounder, forensics expert from Dundee University in Scotland.
Mr Pounder said he had examined five of 21 bodies, including three women, which were uncovered during his three days in Jenin. He said at least two bodies appeared to be Palestinian fighters, but of the other three, one 52-year-old man was wearing sandals and appeared to be a civilian, as did another 38-year-old man dressed in ordinary clothing
"What was striking was what was absent. It was inconceivable that there were not large numbers of seriously injured," he said, concluding that they must have been left to bleed to death. "There must be many more (dead) because we could smell the corpses," Mr Pounder said.
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