In Africa, land grabbing is concentrated near the continent’s largest river and lake systems such as the Nile basin and the Niger River. These water systems are being transformed by commercial agriculture and large-scale irrigation projects that accompany the land grabs. While one in three Africans endures water scarcity, powerful countries and corporations continue to sign land deals that give them wide-ranging control over African water. Neglecting the water rights and the traditional water management of local communities will aggravate the continent’s food supplies which are already put under threat by climate change.